Singapore Reviews HIV Disclosure Law, Weighing Scientific Findings on Transmission Risks

SINGAPORE – The Ministry of Health (MOH) is currently reviewing a law that mandates individuals with HIV to disclose their status to sexual partners, a requirement that carries a jail sentence for non-compliance. This review aligns with new scientific evidence showing that individuals with HIV who are on effective treatment with an undetectable viral load pose virtually no risk of transmitting the virus to others.

MOH highlighted that the review aims to consider the latest research to ensure that the Infectious Diseases Act (IDA) aligns with both public health goals and scientific advancements. Experts and advocates have voiced support for this update, suggesting that such disclosures may no longer be as necessary as once thought, especially for those with managed viral loads. Introduced in 1992, the current IDA law requires individuals with HIV to inform partners before sexual activity. In 2008, the law was strengthened to encourage regular testing and promote responsible behavior, with failure to disclose resulting in a possible 10-year sentence.

Recent years have seen an increase in new HIV diagnoses, with over 180 new cases reported in 2023, marking a slight rise compared to previous years. MOH data shows that as of June, nearly 7,000 Singaporeans are living with HIV, with those under treatment able to lead safe and healthy lives.

While penalties still apply, the review could lead to significant changes, especially considering advancements in HIV prevention methods like PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) and accessible testing options. Advocates emphasize that public health strategies should focus on shared responsibility for health and protection, aiming to reduce stigma and promote greater health awareness across society.